Email jaime.caro@mcgill.ca

I trained in medicine and epidemiology at McGill University but early on focused on health technology assessment. Most of my work is on methods development and teaching these new approaches. For Germany’s IQWiG, I proposed the use of efficiency frontiers as they rejected using the QALY. Recently, I have developed the DICE simulation method, a unified approach to modeling that enables rapid, standardized and less error-prone forecasting models. Work on a broader approach than QALYs to value health benefits is ongoing. Leveraging mixed growth and decay functions provided for detailed predictions of the COVID-19 waves at highly local levels. With modern communications, I can do this kind of work while sailing our boat up and down the east coast of North America.

• NUS Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health
• London School of Economics, London, UK, Professor in practice, Health Policy
• McGill University, Montreal, Canada, Professor of Medicine, Epidemiology, Biostatistics (Adjunct)
• Evidera, Boston, USA, Chief Scientist

• Health Economics
• Epidemiological Modeling
• Modeling Methods
• Valuation Of Health Benefits Methods

• Health Economics
• Modeling
• Epidemiology
• Health Technology Assessment

• 1985 – 1987  Fellowship in Epidemiology and Biostatistics (at doctoral level), McGill University, Montreal
• 1985 – 1986  Clinical Research Fellow, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal
• 1983 – 1987  Residency (RI-RIV), Internal Medicine, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal
• 1983 M.D.C.M., McGill University, Faculty of Medicine, Montreal
• Fellow of the American College of Physicians
• License to practice medicine, Massachusetts
• Fellow Royal College of Physicians (Internal Medicine), Canada
• Corporation des Medecins Specialistes, Quebec
• American Board of Internal Medicine
• License to practice medicine, Quebec
• L.M.C.C. (Medical Council of Canada)
• National Boards (USA)

• 2016 ISPOR Marilyn Dix Smith Leadership Award, ISPOR 21st Annual International Meeting, May 2016, Washington, DC, USA
• 2014 ISPOR Distinguished Service Award. ISPOR Assessing Modeling Studies for Health Care Decision Makers Task Force Chair
• 2011 ISPOR Distinguished Service Award. ISPOR-SMDM Modeling Good Research Practices Task Force Chair
• 2008 Best Poster Presentation. Economic Evaluation of Lenolidomide Use for Multiple Myeloma in Scotland in Patients Who Have Received One Prior Therapy. ISPOR 13th Annual International Meeting, May 2008, Toronto, Canada
• 2003 Best Podium Presentation. Acarbose for the Prevention of Type II Diabetes in Canada: An Economic Evaluation. ISPOR 6th Annual European Congress, November 2003, Barcelona, Spain
• 2002 Best Podium Presentation. Comparing Recent Cardiovascular Medications Using an NNT Model. ISPOR 7th Annual International Meeting, Arlington, VA, USA
• 1993 Fellow, American College of Physicians
• 1986 Prize for Best House Staff Research, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal
• 1985 Fellowship (postdoctoral), Fonds de la Recherche en Santé du Québec
• 1979 University Scholar, McGill University, Faculty of Medicine, Montreal

• 2018 – Professor in Practice, London School of Economics, London, UK
• 2014 – Chief Scientist, Evidera, Boston
• 2000 – Professor Epidemiology & Biostatistics (adj) McGill University, Montreal
• 1994 – Professor Medicine, (adj) Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal
• 2007 – 2013 Senior Vice President, Research, UBC, Boston
• 1989 – 2007 Scientific Director, Caro Research, Montreal and Boston
• 1991 – 1993 Director of Research, Medical Research International, Boston
• 1988 – 1994 Assistant Professor, Centre for Clinical Immunobiology and Transplantation, McGill University, Montreal
• 1987 – 1994 Assistant Professor Medicine & Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal
• 1987 – 1994 Attending Physician, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal
• 1987 – 1994 Lead researcher, Conseil d’Evaluation en Technologies de la Santé, Montréal
• 1984 – 1994 Consultant and Active Member, Critical Care Division, Reddy Memorial Hospital, Montreal

• 2020 – 2021 Co-Chair, ISPOR 2021 Montréal, QC, Canada
• 2017 – Current  Chair, ISPOR Science and Research Committee
• 2017 – Current  Co-Editor in Chief, Value in Health Regional Issues
• 2012-2020 Co-Editor, Value in Health Regional Issues Editorial Board, ISPOR
• 2011-2014 Chair, Interpreting Modeling Studies for Health Care Decisions Task Force, AMCP-ISPOR-NPC
• 2010-2012 Chair, Modeling Good Research Practices Task Force, ISPOR-SMDM
• 2007-2009 Chair of the Expert Advisory Panel, German Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG)
• 2007-2008 Co-Chair, Latin America Consortium Advisory Committee, ISPOR
• 2005-2009 Chair, Short Course Development & Quality Assurance Committee, ISPOR

• 2018 – Current  Member, ISPOR Awards Council
• 2016 – Current  Member, Health Research Training B – HP Committee, Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)
• 2016 – Current  Member, Stakeholder Advisory Panel (SAP), The Initiative on Value Assessment Frameworks. Led by ISPOR and American Society of Health Economists (ASHE)
• 2013 – Current  Co-Investigator, Age of Blood in Children in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (ABC-PICU)
• 2012 – Current  Member, Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Fellowship Awards Committee
• 2011 – Current  Member, Health Science Policy Council, ISPOR
• 2008 – Current   Member, Latin America Consortium Advisory Committee, ISPOR
• 2012 – 2014 Member, Budget Impact Analysis Good Practices II Task Force, ISPOR
• 2009 – 2013 Indirect Treatment Comparisons Good Research Practices Task Force, ISPOR
• 2009 – 2012 Executive committee, Allocation of Scarce Resources Following an Improvised Nuclear Detonation, Health & Human Services, US
• 2006 – 2008 Executive member, Global Pertussis Initiative Steering Committee
• 2006 – 2007 Global High Blood Pressure Stakeholders Initiative
• 2006 – 2007 Budget Impact Analysis Task Force, ISPOR

Books

• Caro JJ, Möller J, Karnon J, Stahl J, Ishak J. Discrete Event Simulation for Health Technology Assessment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.2015

Book Chapters

• Caro JJ. Möller J. Chapter 10. DICE Simulation: A Unifying Modeling Approach for Pharmacoeonomics. Pharmacoeconomics From Theory to Practice. Arnold RJ (ed). CRC Press, Oxford, UK and Boca Raton, FL. 2nd edition 2020.
• Caro JJ. Chapter 18. Speculations on the Future Challenges and Value of Pharmacoeconomics. Pharmacoeconomics From Theory to Practice. Arnold RJ (ed). CRC Press, Oxford, UK and Boca Raton, FL. 2nd edition 2020.
• Caro JJ. Ishak J. Chapter 14. Traditional and Innovative Study Designs for Comparative Effectiveness Research. in Levy A, Sobolev B. Comparative Effectiveness Research in Health Services. Springer, New York. 2016.
• Caro JJ. Chapter 7. The Use Of Advanced Modelling Techniques For Economic Evaluation Of Health Care Programs. in Economic Evaluation of Health Care Programs: Current Concepts, Controversies, and International Experience. Schlander M (ed). Springer Verlag, Berlin. 2009.
• Caro JJ, Kolominsky-Rabas P. Chapter 23. The German Approach: IQWiG. in Economic Evaluation of Health Care Programs: Current Concepts, Controversies, and International Experience. Schlander M (ed). Springer Verlag, Berlin. 2009.
• Caro JJ, Getsios D, Fleurence R. Chapter 16. Speculations on the Future Challenges and Value of Pharmacoeconomics. in Pharmacoeconomics: From Theory To Practice. Arnold RJ (ed). CRC Press LLC2009.
• Marangos PJ, Okamoto LJ, Caro JJ. Economic Burden of the Components of Metabolic Syndrome. in Handbook of Disease Burdens and Quality of Life Measures. Springer Verlag, Berlin 2008.
• Caro JJ, Payne K. Chapter 38. Current Prescribing Practices in Hypertension: A Companion to Brenner and Rector’s The Kidney. Oparil S, Weber MA (eds). Kolam, St Louis, 2nd ed 2004.
• Caro JJ, Huybrechts K. Chapter 15: The Cost-Effectiveness of Statin Use in Statins The HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors in Perspective, Gaw, Packard & Shepherd (eds). Martin Dunitz, London and New York. 2nd ed.2004.
• Caro JJ, O’Brien JA.Chapter 16: Cost of Venous Thromboembolism in the United States. in Venous Thromboembolism. Dalen J (ed). Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York. 2003.
• Caro JJ, Speckman JL. Chapter 40. Current Prescribing Practices. in Hypertension: A Companion to Brenner and Rector’s The Kidney. Oparil S, Weber MA (eds). W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, 1st ed 2000.
• Caro JJ, Klittich WS.Chapter 13: The Cost-Effectiveness of Statin Use. in Statins: The HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors in Perspective, Gaw, Packard & Shepherd (eds). Martin Dunitz Publishers, London, England1999.
• Wait S, Guttmann RD, Caro JJ. The Nature of the Selection of Candidates for Cardiac Transplant. in Organ Shortage: The Solutions. Touraine JL, et al (eds). Lower Academic Publishers, the Netherlands1995.

Papers (recent only)

1. 1. Caro JJ, Möller J, Santhirapala V, Gill H, Johnston J, El-Boghdadly K, Santhirapala R, Kelly P, McGuire A. Predicting Hospital Resource Use During COVID-19 Surges: A Simple but Flexible Discretely-Integrated Condition Event (DICE) Simulation of Individual Patient Hospital Trajectories. Value in Health.
   2. Kansal AR, Reifsnider OS, Brand SB, Hawkins N, Coughlan A, Li S, Cragin L, Paramore C, Dietz A, Caro JJ. Economic Evaluation of Betibeglogene Autotemcel (Beti-cel) Gene Addition Therapy in Transfusion-Dependent β-Thalassemia. J Mark Access Health Policy. 2021;9(1):1922028. doi: 10.1080/20016689.2021.1922028.
   3. Arlegui H, Nachbaur G, Praet N, Bégaud B, Caro JJ. Using Discretely Integrated Condition Event (DICE) Simulation to Construct Quantitative Benefit-Risk Models: The Example of Rotavirus Vaccination in France. Clin Ther. 2020;42(10):1983-1991.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2020.08.013.
   4. Caro JJ, Maconachie R, Woods, M, Naidoo B, McGuire AJ. Leveraging DICE Simulation to Simplify the Design and Implementation of Hybrid Markov Models: A Case-Study Based on a Real Decision Model. Value Health 2020;23(8):1049-1055.doi: 10.1016/j.val.2020.03.009.
   5. Caro JJ. Let’s Make Sure We are Doing Authorship Right. Value Health 2020;23(7):889-890.doi: 10.1016/j.val.2020.03.011.
   6. Ghabri S, Binard A, Pers Y-M, Maunoury F, Caro JJ. Economic Evaluation of Sequences of Biological Treatments for Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Rheumatoid Arthritis and Inadequate Response or Intolerance to Methotrexate in France. Value Health 2020;23(4):461-470. doi: 10.1016/j.val.2019.12.003.
   7. Spinella PC, Tucci M, Fergusson DA, Lacroix J, Hébert PC, Leteurtre S, Schechtman KB, Caro JJ, et. al. Effect of Fresh vs Standard-issue Red Blood Cell Transfusions on Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome in Critically Ill Pediatric Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2019; Dec 10;322(22):2179-2019. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.17478.
   8. Tappenden P, Caro JJ. Improving Transparency in Decision Models: Current Issues and Potential Solutions. Pharmacoeconomics. 2019 Nov;37(11):1303-1304. doi: 10.1007/s40273-019-00850-0.
   9. Ghabri S, Stevenson M, Möller J, Caro JJ. Trusting the Results of Model-Based Economic Analyses: Is There a Pragmatic Validation Solution? Pharmacoeconomics 2019;37(1):1-6.doi:10.1007/s40273-018-0711-9.
   10. Caro JJ, Brazier JE, Karnon J, Kolominsky-Rabas P, McGuire AJ, Nord E, Schlander M. Determining Value in Health Technology Assessment: Stay the Course or Tack Away? Pharmacoeconomics 2019;37(3):293-299.doi:10.1007/s40273-018-0742-2.
   11. Reed SD, Dubois RW, Johnson FR, Caro JJ, Phelps CE. Novel Approaches to Value Assessment Beyond the Cost-Effectiveness Framework. Value Health 2019;22(6S):S18-S23.doi:10.1016/j.val.2019.04.1914.
   12. Mealy MA, Caro JJ, Boscoe A, Levy M. Assessment of Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder Using EQ-5D. Int J MS Care 2019;21(3):129-134. doi: 10.7224/1537-2073.2017-076.
   13. Caro JJ, Möller J. Adding Events to a Markov Model Using DICE Simulation. Med Decis Making 2018;38(2):335-345. doi: 10.1177/0272989X17715636.
   14. Marsh K, Sculpher M, Caro JJ, Tervonen T. The Use of MCDA in HTA: Great Potential, but More Effort is Needed. Value Health 2018;21(4):394-397. doi: 10.1016/j.jval.2017.10.001.
   15. Tucci M, Lacroix J, Fergusson D, Doctor A, Herbert P, Bert R, et al. The Age of Blood in Pediatric Intensive Care Units (ABC PICU): Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. Trials 2018;19:404. doi.org/10.1186/s13063-018-2809-y.
   16. Marsh K, Caro JJ, Zaiser E, Heywood J, Hamed A. Patient-Centered Decision Making: Lessons from Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis for Quantifying Patient Preferences. Int J Technol Assess Health Care 2018;34(1):105-110.
   17. Desai V, Ferrand Y, Cavanaugh T, Kelton C, Caro JJ, Goebel J, Heaton P. Comparative Effectiveness of Tacrolimus-Based Steroid Sparing versus Steroid Maintenance Regimens in Kidney Transplantation: Results from Discrete Event Simulation. Med Decis Making. 2017;37(7):827-843.doi: 10.1177/0272989X17700879.